The paper titled "L1 and its Effect on EFL Writing: A Descriptive Framework" primarily focuses on examining the interference of a student's first language (L1), specifically Arabic, on their English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing. The study investigates the ways in which the native language of Saudi Arabian undergraduate students influences their English writing, with particular emphasis on areas such as pronunciation, punctuation, syntax, and semantics.
The purpose of the study is to analyze and describe the negative transfer effects of Arabic on English writing among Saudi EFL students. The research aims to highlight the specific linguistic challenges faced by these students, with the broader goal of understanding how L1 influences their proficiency in English writing. The scope includes an in-depth examination of common errors made by the students, with suggestions for mitigating these issues.
The methodology of the study involved collecting written samples from undergraduate students, including homework, assignments, and exam answers. These samples were then analyzed qualitatively to identify recurring errors related to L1 interference, particularly in pronunciation, syntax, and semantics. The researchers categorized the errors and provided detailed descriptions of how these errors were influenced by the students' native Arabic language.
Key findings of the research indicate that L1 interference is prevalent among Saudi EFL students, leading to errors in spelling, syntax, punctuation, and semantics. For example, students often replaced English sounds with similar Arabic sounds, leading to spelling mistakes. Additionally, the influence of Arabic syntax caused students to construct sentences in ways that were grammatically incorrect in English. These errors were compounded by the use of online translation tools, which often failed to account for context, further complicating the students' writing.
The study concludes that the interference of Arabic in the English writing of Saudi EFL students significantly impacts their language proficiency. The researchers emphasize the importance of addressing these challenges through targeted teaching strategies, such as drills, role-plays, and reading exercises, to improve pronunciation and writing accuracy. The study also highlights the need to discourage reliance on online translation tools and to foster greater motivation among students to learn English as a subject.